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mic5019 ultra-small high-side n-channel mosfet driver with integrated charge pump micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? tel +1 (408) 944-0800 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? http://www.micrel.com july 2012 micrel preliminary and confidential - general description the mic5019 is a high-side mosfet driver with integrated charge pump designed to switch an n- channel enhancement type mosfet control signal in high-side or low?side applications. the mic5019 operates from a 2.7v to 9v supply, and generates gate voltages of 9.2v from a 3v supply, and 16v from a 9v supply. the device consumes a low 77a of supply current and less than 1a of supply current in shutdown mode. in high side configurations, the source voltage of the mosfet approaches the supply voltage when switched on. to keep the mosfet turned on, the mic5019?s output drives the mosfet gate voltage higher than the supply voltage. the mic5019 is available in an ultra-small 4-pin 1.2mm x 1.2mm thin qfn package and is rated for ?40c to +125c junction temperature range. features ? 4-pin 1.2mm x 1.2mm thin qfn package ? +2.7v to +9v supply voltage range ? 16v gate drive at vdd = 9v ? 8v gate drive at vdd = 2.7v ? operates in low and high side configurations ? 150a (typical) supply current at vdd = 5v ? <1a shutdown supply current ? ?40 ? c to +125 ? c junction temperature range applications ? load switch ? solenoid drivers ? motor drivers application diagram low-voltage high-side power switch low-side power switch
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 2 ordering information part number marking package junction temperature range lead finish MIC5019YFT h9 4-pin 1.2mm x 1.2mm thin qfn -40 ?c to +125 ? c pb-free note: thin qfn pin 1 identifier = ? ? pin configuration 1.2mm x 1.2mm thin qfn (ft) (top view) pin description pin number pin name pin function 1 vdd supply voltage: +2.7v to +9v supply. 2 gnd ground. 3 in control input: logic high drives the gate output above the supply voltage. logic low forces the gate output near ground. do not leave this pin floating. 4 out gate output: connection to gate of external mosfet.
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 3 absolute maximum ratings (1) vdd to gnd..???..???.... ?..??...????....+10v in to gnd??.????...???? ????.-0.6v to +10v out to gnd???????.??????????..+19v junction temperature (t j ) ........................?55c to +150c storage temperature (t s ) .........................?55c to +165c esd rating (2) ???????..???????.1.5kv hbm esd rating ???????????????..200v mm operating ratings (3) vdd to gnd????????...... .....???.+2.7v to +9v in to gnd????????????????.0v to vdd junction temperature (t j )??????... ? 40 c to +125 c thermal resistance ( jc )??????????????.? ??.??...60c/w ( ja )??????????????.???.??.140c/w electrical characteristics (4) 2.7v vdd 9v; t a = 25c, unless noted. bold values indicate ? 40c ? t j ? +125c. parameter condition min typ max units in = 0v 0.15 1 vdd = 3.3v in = 3.3v 77 140 in = 0v 1 supply current vdd = 5v in = 3.3v 150 300 a in =logic low 0.8 2.7v vdd 3.6v in = logic high 2.7 in voltage 3.6v < vdd 9v in = logic high 3.0 v in current 2.7v vdd 9v 0.1 1 a in capacitance 5 pf vdd = 2.7v 6.3 8.2 vdd = 3.0v 7.1 9.3 out voltage vdd = 4.5v 11.4 14.8 v out zener diode clamp voltage vdd = 9v 13 16.5 19 v out current (5) vdd = 5v vout = 10v 10.6 a c l = 1000pf 0.440 1.5 out turn-on time (6) vdd = 4.5v c l = 3000pf 1.34 4.2 ms cl = 1000pf 5.56 20 out turn-off time (7) vdd = 4.5v cl = 3000 pf 17.6 60 s notes: 1. exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. devices are esd sensitive. handling pr ecautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k ? in series with 100pf. 3. the device is not guaranteed to function outside operating range. 4. specification for packaged product only. 5. resistive load selected to achieve v out = 10v. 6. turn-on time is the time required for the gat e voltage to rise to 4v above the supply voltage. 7. turn-off time is the time required for the gate voltage to fall to 4v above the supply voltage.
micrel, inc. mic5019 typical characteristics v dd supply current vs. supply voltage 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 july 2012 4 0.0 10 supply current (ma) 02468 supply voltage (v) vdd supply current vs. supply voltage 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 -40c 25c 125c in=vdd 0.0 10 supply current ( a) 02468 supply voltage (v) output voltage vs. supply voltage 4 8 12 16 20 -40c 25c 125c in=gnd 125c 0 0246810 output voltage (v) supply voltage (v) -40c 25c output voltage vs. output current 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 output voltage vs. output current 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 in current vs. supply voltage 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 in current ( a) 0 output voltage (v) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 output current ( a) vdd = in = 2.7v vdd = in = 3.3v vdd=in =5v vdd=in=9v 0 output voltage (v) 0 20406080100120140160 output current ( a) -40c 25c 125c vdd=in=5v 0.0 0246810 supply voltage (v) -40c 25c 125c in = 2.7v out turn-on time vs. load capacitance 0 1 2 3 4 5 turn-on time (ms) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 capacitance (pf) vdd=9v vdd=5v vdd=3v out turn-off time vs. load capacitance 0 4 8 12 16 20 turn-off time ( s) 0 10002000300040005000 capacitance (pf) vdd=5v vdd=3v vdd=9v
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 5 functional characteristics
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 6 functional diagram functional diagram with external components (high-side driver configuration) functional description the mic5019 is a non-inverting device. applying a logic high signal to in (control input) produces gate drive output. the out (gate output) is used to turn on an external n-channel mosfet. supply vdd (supply) is rated for +2.7v to +9v. an external capacitor is recommended to decouple noise. control in is the control input. in must be forced high or low by an external signal. do not leav e in floating as a floating input may cause unpredictable operation. a high input turns on q2, which sinks the output of current source i1, making the input of the first inverter low. the inverter output becomes high enabling the charge pump. charge pump the charge pump is enabled when in is logic high. the charge pump consists of an oscillator and voltage quadrupler (4). the output voltage is limited to 16v typically by a zener diode. the charge pump output voltage will be approximately: v out = 4 v dd ? 2.8v, but not exceeding 19vmax. the oscillator operates from approximately 70khz to approximately 100khz depending upon the supply voltage and temperature. out the charge pump output is connected directly to the out pin. the charge pump is active only when in is high. when in is low, q3 is turned on by the second inverter and discharges the gate of the external mosfet to force it off. if in is high, and the voltage applied to vdd drops to zero, the gate output will be floating (unpredictable). esd protection d1 and d2 clamp positive and negative esd voltages. r1 isolates the gate of q2 from sudden changes on the in input. q1 turns on if the emitter (in input) is forced below ground to provide additional input protection. zener d3 also clamps esd voltages for the out (gate output).
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 7 application information supply bypass a capacitor from vdd to gnd is recommended to control switching and supply transients. load current and supply lead length are some of the factors that affect capacitor size requirements. a 4.7 f or 10 f ceramic capacitor, aluminum electrolytic or tantalum c apacitor is suitable for many applications. the low esr (equivalent series resistance) of ceramic and tantalum capacitors makes them especially effective, but also makes them susceptible to uncontrolled inrush current from low impedance voltage sources (such as nicd batteries or automatic test equipment). avoid applying voltage instantaneously, capable of high peak current, directly to or near tantalum capacitors without additional current limiting. normal power supply turn-on (slow rise time) or printed circuit trace resistance is usually adequate for normal product usage. mosfet selection the mic5019 is designed to drive n-channel enhancement type mosfets. the gate output (out) of the mic5019 provides a voltage, referenced to ground, that is greater than the supply voltage. refer to the ?typical characteristics: output voltage vs. supply voltage? graph. the supply voltage and the mosfet drain-to-source voltage drop determine the gate-to-source voltage. v gs = v out ? (v supply ? v ds ) where: v gs = gate-to-source voltage (enhancement) v out = out voltage (from graph ?out voltage vs supply voltage) v dd = supply voltage v ds = drain-to-source voltage (approx. 0v at low current, or when fully enhanced) figure 1. node voltages the performance of the mosfet is determined by the gate-to-source voltage. choose the type of mosfet according to the calculated gate-to-source voltage. standard mosfet standard mosfets are fully enhanced with a gate-to- source voltage of about 10v. their absolute maximum gate-to-source voltage is 20v .with a 4.5v supply, the mic5019 produces a gate output of approximately 15v. figure 2 shows how the remaining voltages conform. the actual drain-to-source voltage drop across an irfz24 is less than 0.1v with a 1a load and 10v enhancement. higher current increases the drain-to- source voltage drop, increasing the gate-to-source voltage. figure 2. using a standard mosfet the mic5019 has an internal zener diode that limits the gate-to-ground voltage to approximately 16v. lower supply voltages, such as 3.3v, produce lower gate output voltages which will not fully enhance standard mosfets. this significantly reduces the maximum current that can be switched. always refer to the mosfet data sheet to predict the mosfet?s performance in spec ific applications. logic-level mosfet logic-level n-channel mosfets are fully enhanced with a gate-to-source voltage of approximately 5v. some of the mosfet?s may have an absolute maximum gate-to- source voltage of 10v (refer to mosfet datasheet).
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 8 figure 3. using a logic-level mosfet refer to figure 3 for an example showing nominal voltages. the maximum gate-to-source voltage rating of some of the logic-level mosfet can be 10v; this can be exceeded if a higher supply voltage is used. an external zener diode can clamp the gate-to-source voltage as shown in figure 4. the zener voltage, plus its tolerance, must not exceed the absolute maximum gate voltage of the mosfet. figure 4. gate-to-source protection a gate-to-source zener may also be required when the maximum gate-to-source voltage could be exceeded due to normal part-to-part variat ion in gate output voltage. other conditions can moment arily increase the gate-to- source voltage, such as turning on a capacitive load or shorting a load. inductive loads inductive loads include relays, and solenoids. long leads may also have enough inductance to cause adverse effects in some circuits. figure 5. switching an inductive load switching off an inductive load in a high-side application momentarily forces the mosfet source negative (as the inductor opposes changes to current). this voltage spike can be very large and can exceed a mosfet?s gate-to-source and drain-to-source ratings. a schottky diode across the inductive load provides a discharge current path to minimize the voltage spike. the peak current rating of the diode should be greater than the load current. in a low-side application, switching off an inductive load will momentarily force the mosfet drain higher than the supply voltage. the same precaution applies. split power supply refer to figure 6. the mic5019 can be used to control a 12v load by separating the driver supply from the load supply. figure 6. 12v high-side switch
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 9 a logic-level mosfet is required. the mosfet?s maximum current is limited slightly because the gate is not fully enhanced. to predict the mosfets performance for any pair of supply voltages, calculate the gate-to-source voltage and refer to the mosfet data sheet. v gs = v out ? (v load supply ? v ds ) v out is determined from the driver supply voltage using the ?typical characteristics: output voltage vs. supply voltage? graph. low-side switch configuration the low-side configuration makes it possible to switch a voltage much higher than the mic5019?s maximum supply voltage. figure 7. low-side switch configuration the maximum switched voltage is limited only by the mosfet?s maximum drain-to-source ratings.
micrel, inc. mic5019 evaluation board schematic bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty c1 grm188r71c104ka01d murata (1) 0.1f/16v ceramic capacitor, x7r, size 0603 1 c2012x7r1c475k tdk (2) grm21br71c475ka73l murata c2 0805yc475kat2a avx (3) 4.7f/16v ceramic capacitor, x7r, size 0805 1 r1, r3, c3, c4, q1 (open) c5 (open) used as gate cap, different values r2 crcw06030000fkea vishay dale (4) 0 ? resistor, size 0603, 5% 1 u1 MIC5019YFT micrel. inc. (5) high side/low side mosfet driver 1 notes: 1. murata: www.murata.com . 2. tdk: www.tdk.com . 3. avx: www.avx.com 4. vishay: www.vishay.com 5. micrel, inc.: www.micrel.com . july 2012 10
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 11 pcb layout figure 8. mic5019 evaluation board top layer figure 9. mic5019 evaluation board bottom layer
micrel, inc. mic5019 july 2012 12 package information 1.2mm x 1.2mm x 0.55mm 4 pin qfn (ft) micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel +1 (408) 944-0800 fax +1 (408) 474-1000 web http://www.micrel.com micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to t he accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this data sheet. this information is not intended as a warranty and micrel does not assume responsibility for it s use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. no license, whether expre ss, implied, arising by estoppel or other wise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. except as provided in micrel?s terms and conditions of sale for such products, mi crel assumes no liability whatsoever, and micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of micrel products including l iability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of an y patent, copyright or other intellectual p roperty right micrel products are not designed or authori zed for use as components in life support app liances, devices or systems where malfu nction of a product reasonably be expected to result in pers onal injury. life support devices or system s are devices or systems that (a) are in tended for surgical impla into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significan t injury to the user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel produc ts for use in life support app liances, devices or systems is a purchaser?s own risk and purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. can nt ? 2012 micrel, incorporated.

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